Accurate reconstructions of past variations in long-range transport of dust and subsequent deposition to the remote Sub-Antarctic and Southern Oceans are central to our ability to understand the Earth system processes that drive changes in marine productivity and atmospheric carbon cycle in this region, critical for the global climate. In this talk, I will present a terrestrial record of volcanic ash and mineral dust deposition in the western South Atlantic Ocean using a 4 m-long peat core sampled in the Malvinas Islands covering the Late Glacial and Holocene periods. The main objectives of this study were to identify and quantify changes in dust sources and accumulation rates using geochemical fingerprinting.